For the purposes of this chapter, the following words and phrases beginning with the letters “Aa” through “Ag,” shall have the meaning respectively ascribed to them by this section:
| Term | Definition |
| Abut or abutting | Having a common border with. |
| Access drive | A paved surface that provides vehicular access from a public street to a parking area or parking garage or pedestrian pick-up/drop-off area. |
| Accessory building or accessory structure | A building or structure that:
(1) Is subordinate to and services a principal building or a principal use legally existing on the same zoning lot; (2) Is subordinate in area, extent and purpose to the principal building or principal use; and (3) Contributes to the comfort, convenience or necessity of the occupants, business or principal use served. |
| Accessory parking | See “Parking, accessory.” |
| Accessory use | A use that:
(1) Is incidental and subordinate to and devoted exclusively to a principal building or a principal use legally existing on the same zoning lot; (2) Is subordinate in area, extent and purpose to the principal building or principal use; and (3) Contributes to the comfort, convenience or necessity of the occupants, business or industry of the principal structure or principal use served. |
| Addition | Construction or alteration that increases the square footage, number of dwelling units, bulk or other extent of a building or structure, but the term "addition" does not apply in a situation
where, for example, all but one wall of an existing building is demolished for the purposes of reconstructing the building with a larger footprint and containing a greater gross floor area. For regulatory purposes, such a situation is considered as demolition and new construction. |
| Adjacent | Same as “abut or abutting” |
| Adult-use marijuana establishment | A location where a licensee operates one of the following commercial entities or activities under the authority of the Michigan Regulation and Taxation of Marihuana Act, Initiated Law 1 of 2018, MCL 333.27951, et seq. (MRTMA”): grower,
processor, retailer, secure transporter, safety compliance facility, marijuana microbusiness, excess marijuana grower, marijuana event organizer, temporary marijuana event, or designated marijuana consumption establishment, or any other type of marijuana-related business licensed to operate in accordance with the MRTMA. |
| Adult bookstore or adult video store | A commercial establishment which, as one of its principal business activities, offers for sale or rental for any form of consideration any one or more of the following: books, magazines, periodicals or other printed matter, or photographs, films, motion pictures, video cassettes, compact discs, digital video discs, slides, or other visual representations, which are characterized by their emphasis upon the display of "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas;" or instruments, devices, or paraphernalia, which are designed or marketed primarily for stimulation of human genital organs or anus, including but not limited to dildos, vibrators, penis pumps, cock rings, anal beads, butt plugs, and physical representations of the human genital organs; but not including condoms or other items primarily intended for protection against sexually transmitted diseases or for preventing pregnancy. A “principal business activity” exists where the commercial establishment meets any one or more of the following criteria:
(1) At least 35 percent of the establishment's displayed merchandise consists of said items; or (2) At least 35 percent of the establishment's revenues derive from the sale or rental, for any form of consideration, of said items; or (3) The establishment maintains at least 35 percent of its floor space for the display, sale, and/or rental of said items (aisles and walkways used to access said items shall be included in "floor space" maintained for the display, sale, or rental of said items); or (4) The establishment maintains at least 500 square feet of its floor space for the display, sale, and/or rental of said items (aisles and walkways used to access said items shall be included in “floor space” maintained for the display, sale, or rental of said items) and regularly advertises itself or holds itself out, by using “adult,” “adults-only,” “XXX,” “sex,” “erotic,” “novelties,” or substantially similar language, as an establishment that caters to adult sexual interests; or (5) The establishment maintains an “adult arcade,” which means any place to which the public is permitted or invited wherein coin-operated or slug-operated or electronically, electrically, or mechanically controlled still or motion picture machines, projectors, or other image-producing devices are regularly maintained to show images to five or fewer persons per machine at any one time, and where the images so displayed are characterized by their emphasis upon matter exhibiting “specified sexual activities” or “specified anatomical areas.” |
| Adult cabaret | A nightclub, bar, juice bar, restaurant, bottle club, or similar commercial establishment, regardless of whether alcoholic liquor is served, which regularly features live conduct characterized by semi-nude persons. An establishment shall not avoid classification as an adult cabaret by offering or featuring nudity. |
| Adult day care | A facility, whether in a private home or institutional setting, providing temporary care and supervision for persons 18 years of age or older. Care is provided for periods of less than 24 hours a day. |
| Adult foster care facility | An establishment that provides supervision, assistance, protection or personal care, in addition to room and board, to seven or more adults. An adult foster care facility is other than a nursing home, a home for the aged, a mental hospital for mental patients, or a pre-release adjustment center. |
| Adult motion picture theater | A commercial establishment where films, motion pictures, videocassettes, slides, or similar photographic reproductions, which are characterized by their emphasis upon the display of “specified sexual activity” or “specified anatomical areas” are regularly shown to more than five persons for any form of consideration. |
| Adult use or adult use/sexually-oriented business (use category) | Sexually-oriented businesses, including the following:
• Adult bookstore or adult video store • Adult cabaret • Adult motion picture theater • Semi-nude model studio (See Section 50-16-381) |
Codified by Ord. No. 28-19 (JCC 7/23/2019, Passed 9/10/2019, Approved 9/11/2019, Published 9/20/2019, Effective 10/1/2019); Amended by Ord. No. 2021-9 (JCC 2/16/2021, Passed 3/16/2021, Approved 3/17/2021, Published 3/26/2021, Effective 4/3/2021).
For the purposes of this chapter, the following words and phrases beginning with the letters "An" through "As," shall have the meaning respectively ascribed to them by this section:
| Term | Definition |
| Antenna | Any system of wires, poles, rods, reflecting discs, or similar devices, together with any supporting structure, used for the reception and/or transmission of electromagnetic waves. |
| Antenna – Category A | Television antennas not twenty-eight (28) square feet in area or six (6) feet in dish diameter, customarily though not exclusively erected from residential use, such as microwave-receiving antennas, and dipole “rod and mast.” VHFUHF antennas, hereinafter referred to as “conventional” television antennas |
| Antenna – Category B | Radio antennas and antenna towers, such as amateur radio antennas for ham/shortwave operations, and fixed station antennas for business-band radio, citizens band radio, general mobile radio service and two-way radio. |
| Antenna – Category C | Dish antennas, such as satellite television antennas, also known as satellite dishes, earth stations, television receive only (TVRO) antennas, earth terminals, and earth terminal antennas; other parabolic dish antennas and parabolic reflectors exceeding six (6) feet in diameter including, but not limited to, microwave-receiving antennas and studio-to-transmitter-link (STL) antennas. |
| Antennas – Category D | Antenna towers and poles exceeding seventy-five (75) feet in height from established grade, customarily though not necessarily housing multiple antennas, such as radio broadcasting towers, television broadcasting towers, microwave antenna towers, studio-to-transmitter links, and other communications, antennas including antennas for cellular telephone systems. |
| Approach Surfaces | [1} Instrument approach surfaces and non-instrument approach surfaces having a runway at least five thousand (5,000) feet in length; and [2] non-instrument approach surface having a runway with a length of two thousand (2,000) feet or more up to, but not including, five thousand (5,000) feet in length. Instrument Approach Surface and Non-Instrument Approach Surfaces are defined in Section 50-16-262 and Section 50-16-322 of this Code. |
| Aquaculture | The cultivation of marine or freshwater food fish, shellfish, or plants under controlled conditions. |
| Aquaponics | The integration of aquaculture with hydroponics, in which waste products from fish are treated and then used to fertilize hydroponically growing plants. |
| Arcade | A place, premises or establishment or room set aside in a retail or commercial establishment where three (3) or more coin-operated amusement devices are located, defined herein as a machine or device operated by means of the insertion of a coin, token or similar object, for the purpose of amusement or skill and for the playing of which a fee is charged. The term does not include vending machines in which are not incorporated gaming or amusement features, nor coin-operated mechanical music devices; nor mechanical motion picture devices. The definition shall not apply to coin-operated amusement devices owned or leased to establishments that are properly licensed for sale of beer or intoxicating liquor for consumption on the premises. |
| Arena | An enclosed structure with tiers of seats rising around a sports field, playing court or public exhibition area. Arenas are typically used for sports, entertainment and other public gathering purposes, such as athletic events, concerts, conventions, circuses and conferences. |
| Ash | The residue from the burning of wood, coal, coke or other combustible materials including incinerator ash and residue. |
| Assembly (Use Category) | Activities or structures, generally or a commercial nature that draw members of the general public to specific events or shows.
Examples include the following uses: • Assembly hall • Banquet hall • Dance hall, public • Private club • Private lodge • Rental hall |
| Assembly hall | An enclosed place of assembly for the exclusive use of the owners of the facility or by the members of the association or organization controlling the premises. Such facility shall not be available for rental to the general public. Assembly halls are typically accessory to private clubs and private lodges and are located in a non-residential building. |
| Assessed Valuation | Assessed valuation means the assessed valuation in the records of the Assessor of the City of Detroit. With respect to exempt properties for which the assessed valuation is zero, an independent valuation from a reputable source, subject to review and acceptance by the Buildings, Safety Engineering and Environmental Department, may be presented by the owner as the basis for determination required by this Chapter. |
| Assisted Living Facility | A residential care facility designed primarily for older people who typically have no serious health problems but who may have chronic or debilitating conditions requiring assistance with daily activities. Permitted services include but are not limited to staff-supervised meals, housekeeping and personal care, medication supervision, and social activities. Both private and shared sleeping rooms may be provided. Facilities providing regular care under supervision of physicians are not considered assisted living facilities. |
Amended by Ord. No. 18-18 (JCC 6/21/2018, Passed 7/24/2018, Approved 7/30/2018, Published 8/22/2018, Effective 8/30/2018); Saved From Repeal by Ord. No. 28-19 (JCC 7/23/2019, Passed 9/10/2019, Approved 9/11/2019, Published 9/20/2019, Effective 10/1/2019).
For the purposes of this chapter, the following words and phrases beginning with the letters "Bh" through "Bz," shall have the meaning respectively ascribed to them by this section:
| Term | Definition |
| Blight violation | Any unlawful act, or any omission or failure to act, which is designated by this chapter as a blight violation pursuant to Section 41(4) of the Michigan Home Rule City Act, being MCL 117.41(4). |
| Blight violation determination | A determination that: (1) An alleged violator is responsible for one or more blight violations as a result of the admission of responsibility for the allegation(s) in a blight violation notice; or (2) After an administrative hearing that a person is or is not responsible for one or more blight violations; or (3) As a result of a decision and order of default for failing to appear as directed by the blight violation notice, or other notice regarding one or more blight violations, at a scheduled appearance at the Blight Administrative Hearings Bureau under Chapter 3, Article II, of this Code, Enforcement of Blight Violations , in accordance with Section 4q(8)(c) of the Michigan Home Rule City Act, being MCL 117.4q(8)(c). |
| Blight violation notice | A written violation notice prepared by an authorized local official which directs an alleged violator: (1) To pay the civil fines specified in the notice, including any required fees or costs, for one or more blight violations in accordance with the fines, fees, or costs specified in this Code; and (2) To appear at the Blight Administrative Hearings Bureau under Chapter 3, Article II, of this Code, Enforcement of Blight Violations , regarding the occurrence or existence of one or more blight violations pursuant to Section 4q(8) of the Michigan Home Rule City Act, being MCL 117.4q(8). |
| Blight violation proceeding | An administrative process that results in a blight violation determination. |
| Block | A tract of land bounded by streets or by a combination of streets, public parks, cemeteries, railroad rights-of-way, harbor lines, centerlines of waterways, or corporate boundary lines of the City. |
| Block face | All lots abutting both sides of a street between two intersecting streets. |
| Board | The word "Board" means the Board of Zoning Appeals of the City. |
| Body art facility | A personal services establishment where in accordance with Chapter 20, Article III, of this Code, an individual performs one or more of the following for compensation: 1) tattooing; 2) branding; or 3) body piercing. For zoning purposes, precious metal and gem dealers that are licensed under Chapter 41, Article III, of this Code, other retail stores, or clinics, which provide this service as an incidental and accessory use of the land, shall not be classified as a body art facility. |
| Brewery | A facility licensed by the Michigan Liquor Control Commission that annually manufactures more than 20,000 barrels of beer. |
| Brewpub | A facility licensed as such by the Michigan Liquor Control Commission, in conjunction with a Class "C" tavern, Class "A" hotel, or Class "B" hotel, that annually manufactures and sells therein in total not more than 2,000 barrels of beer only for consumption therein. |
| Bridge plaza and terminal, vehicular |
That property immediately contiguous to a vehicular bridge where motor vehicles enter and exit the bridge. Certain uses and activities, if oriented and available exclusively to bridge traffic, shall be considered incidental and accessory to the vehicular bridge plaza and terminal: toll booths, inspection and weigh stations, customs and immigration facilities, duty-free retail stores, motor vehicle filling stations, and uses similar to the preceding. |
| Building | A structure, either temporary or permanent, having a roof and enclosing walls on all sides and used or built for the shelter or enclosure of persons, animals, or property of any kind. |
| Building, existing | Whenever this chapter refers to an "existing building," it means a building that was constructed prior to April 9, 1998, which was the effective date of Ord. No. 9-98. |
| Building, height of | (See Height of building. ) |
| Building or construction contractor |
A building or construction contractor is a person or firm engaged in the practice of assembling parts and materials to construct buildings or other structures, but not including persons or firms (such as concrete producers) who supply and/or deliver parts or materials to a construction site without direct involvement in construction, other than delivery and deposit of the construction parts and/or materials. |
| Bus | A motor vehicle other than a school bus that is designed for carrying 16 or more passengers, including the driver. |
Codified by Ord. No. 28-19 (JCC 7/23/2019, Passed 9/10/2019, Approved 9/11/2019, Published 9/20/2019, Effective 10/1/2019); Amended by Ord. No. 2020-12 (JCC 2/18/2020, Passed 6/9/2020, Approved 6/15/2020, Published 8/21/2020, Effective 12/9/2020).
For the purposes of this chapter, the following words and phrases beginning with the letters “Cn” through “Cs,” shall have the meaning respectively ascribed to them by this section:
| Term | Definition |
| Coffee house | Any room, place, or building where the serving of coffee is the principal business and where tables and chairs are provided for the use of patrons to play table games and for other similar activities, but where alcoholic liquor is not provided. |
| Co-location (marijuana) | A practice where more than one licensee is authorized by the State of Michigan to operate a medical marijuana facility or an adult-use marijuana establishment in one building, in accordance with the applicable rules promulgated by the State of Michigan and the license requirements of Chapter 20, Article VI, of this Code. |
| Commercial parking | See Parking, commercial. |
| Commercial vehicle | See Vehicle, commercial. |
| Common area, general | That portion of a site condominium project designed and intended for joint ownership and maintenance by the condominium association as described in the condominium master deed. |
| Common area, limited | That portion of a site condominium project designed and intended for separate ownership, but outside the building setbacks for the zoning district the property is located in as described in the master deed. |
| Community Service (use category) | Uses of a public, non-profit, or charitable nature generally providing a local service to people of the community. Generally, they provide the service on-site or have employees at the site on a regular basis. The service is ongoing, not just for special events. Community services or facilities that have membership provisions are open to the general public to join at any time, for instance, any senior citizen could join a senior center. The use may provide special counseling, education, or training of a public, non-profit or charitable nature.
Examples include the following uses: • Customs office; • Fire or police station, post office, courthouse and similar public building; • Governmental service agency; • Neighborhood center, non-profit; • Substance abuse service facility; •Private lodges, private clubs, and private or commercial athletic or health clubs are classified as retail sales and service. Public parks and recreation are classified as parks and open space. |
| Compost | Relatively stable decomposed organic matter for use in agricultural and other growing practices, usually consisting of materials such as grass, leaves, yard waste, worms, and also including raw and uncooked kitchen food wastes, but specifically excluding bones, meat, fat, grease, oil, raw manure, and milk products. |
| Concert café | Any establishment, which provides food with music or entertainment, but does not serve alcoholic liquor. Concert cafés shall be regulated the same as “theaters” for zoning purposes. |
| Condominium Act | MCL 559.101 et seq. |
| Condominium master deed | The document recorded as part of a condominium subdivision to which are attached as exhibits and incorporated by reference the approved bylaws for the condominium subdivision and the condominium subdivision plan. |
| Condominium project, commercial, office or industrial | A plan or project consisting of not less than two condominium units if established and approved in conformance with the Condominium Act, being MCL 559.101 et seq. |
| Condominium subdivision | A division of land on the basis of condominium ownership, pursuant to the Condominium Act and which is not subject to the Michigan Land Division Act, being MCL 560.101 et seq., as amended. Also known as a site condominium. |
| Condominium subdivision plan | The drawings attached to the condominium master deed for a condominium subdivision which describe the size, location, area, horizontal and vertical boundaries and volume of each condominium unit contained in the condominium subdivision, as well as the nature, location, and size of common elements. |
| Condominium unit | That portion of a condominium project or condominium subdivision which is designed and intended for separate ownership and use, as described in the condominium master deed, regardless of whether it is intended for residential, office, industrial, business, recreational, use as a time-share unit, or any other type of use. The owner of a condominium unit also owns a share of the common elements. The term “condominium unit” shall be equivalent to the term “lot,” for purposes of determining compliance of the site condominium subdivision with the provisions of this chapter pertaining to minimum lot size, minimum lot width, and maximum lot coverage. |
| Conforming land uses | Any land use located in a zoning district where the land use is permitted either by-right or as a conditional use and not otherwise prohibited in that district. |
| Conical surface | A surface sloping upward and outward to an altitude of 150 feet above the established heliport elevation at a slope ratio of one to eight beginning at the heliport elevation on the perimeter of a circle of 200 feet radius centered on each helipad. |
| Construction | Waste from building construction, alteration, demolition or repair, and dirt from excavations. |
| Contractor yard, landscape or construction | A yard used for the outdoor storage of a construction or landscape contractor's vehicles, equipment, and materials, including plant materials and contained soil. |
| Controlled uses | Any of the following:
(1) Arcades; (2) Specially designated merchant’s (SDM) establishments and/or specially designated distributor's (SDD) establishments; and (3) Pool halls. |
| Convalescent, nursing, or rest home | Establishments primarily engaged in the providing of in-patient nursing care, other than a private home, where seven or more older adults or disabled persons receive on-going care and supervision. (Same as “convalescent home” or “rest home.”) These are facilities that provide a full range of 24-hour direct medical, nursing, and other health services by registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, and nurses' aides prescribed by a resident's physician. They are designed for older adults or disabled persons who need health care supervision, but not hospitalization. Emphasis is on nursing care, but restorative therapies may be provided. Specialized nursing services such as intravenous feeds or medication, tube feeding, injected medication, daily wound care, rehabilitation services, and monitoring of unstable conditions may also be provided. |
Codified by Ord. No. 28-19 (JCC 7/23/2019, Passed 9/10/2019, Approved 9/11/2019, Published 9/20/2019, Effective 10/1/2019); Amended by Ord. No. 2021-9 (JCC 2/16/2021, Passed 3/16/2021, Approved 3/17/2021, Published 3/26/2021, Effective 4/3/2021).
For the purposes of this chapter, the following words and phrases beginning with the letters “Ct” through “Cz,” shall have the meaning respectively ascribed to them by this section:
| Term | Definition |
| Cultural center | The portion of the City within the area bounded by the center lines of the Edsel Ford Freeway, Brush Street, Forest Avenue, and the John C. Lodge Freeway. |
| Cul-de-sac | A street ending in a turn-around, designed, and intended as a permanent or temporary terminus. |
| Cultivate (marihuana) | All phases of growth of marijuana from seed to harvest or preparing, packaging or repackaging, labeling, or relabeling of any form of marijuana. |
| Customer service center | A facility, other than a retail store, operated by a public or private utility, at which customers of the utility may make bill payments, obtain product or service information, or conduct similar business. |
Codified by Ord. No. 28-19 (JCC 7/23/2019, Passed 9/10/2019, Approved 9/11/2019, Published 9/20/2019, Effective 10/1/2019); Amended by Ord. No. 2021-9 (JCC 2/16/2021, Passed 3/16/2021, Approved 3/17/2021, Published 3/26/2021, Effective 4/3/2021).
For the purposes of this chapter, the following words and phrases beginning with the letters “Da” through “Dg,” shall have the meaning respectively ascribed to them by this section:
| Term | Definition |
| Dance hall, public | A place, enclosed or unenclosed, building or that portion of a building that is used for public dances where the public is invited or allowed and where a monetary contribution, donation, or fee is made or paid. |
| Dance studio | Any school of dancing or any place where dancing of any type of style shall be taught. (Does not include any establishment distinguished or characterized by an emphasis on “specified sexual activities” or “specified anatomical areas.”) |
| Day care (use category) | Uses that provide care, protection and supervision for children or adults on a regular basis away from their primary residence for less than 24 hours per day. Examples include the following uses:
• Adult day care center; • Child care center; • Group day care home; • Family day care home. |
| Debris | The remains of something broken down or destroyed. |
| Deciduous | A plant with foliage that is shed annually. |
| Decision-making body | The entity that is authorized to finally approve or deny an application or permit required under this chapter. |
| Dedication | The transfer of property interests from private to public ownership for a public purpose. The transfer may be of fee-simple interest or of a less than fee interest, including an easement. |
| Designated marijuana consumption establishment | A location where a licensee that is licensed as a designated marijuana consumption establishment under the Michigan Regulation and Taxation of Marihuana Act (MRTMA), and as a designated consumption establishment under Chapter 20, Article VI, of this Code, operates a commercial entity that allows adults 21 years of age and older to consume marijuana products at a commercial location designated by the state operating license. |
| Developer | The legal or beneficial owner or the representative thereof, of a lot or parcel of any land proposed for inclusion in a development, including the holder of an option or contract to purchase. The developer performs all functions necessary to obtain land control and financing to construct or rehabilitate a property and expects to assume all the risks and rewards upon completion of the project. |
| Development | The division of a parcel of land into two or more parcels; the construction, reconstruction, conversion, structural alteration, relocation, or enlargement of any buildings; any use or change in use of any buildings or land; any extension of any use of land or any clearing, grading, excavation or other movement of land, for which permission may be required pursuant to this chapter. |
Codified by Ord. No. 28-19 (JCC 7/23/2019, Passed 9/10/2019, Approved 9/11/2019, Published 9/20/2019, Effective 10/1/2019); Amended by Ord. No. 2021-9 (JCC 2/16/2021, Passed 3/16/2021, Approved 3/17/2021, Published 3/26/2021, Effective 4/3/2021).
For the purposes of this chapter, the following words and phrases beginning with the letters “Dh” through “Dz,” shall have the meaning respectively ascribed to them by this section:
| Term | Definition |
| Dish antenna | An antenna consisting of a radiation element that transmits or receives signals generated as electrical light, or sound energy supported by a structure that may or may not provide a reflective component to the radiating dish, usually in a circular shape with a parabolic curve design constructed of a solid or open mesh surface. |
| Dormitory | A building used as group living quarters for a student body or religious order as an accessory use to a college, university, boarding school, convent, monastery, or similar institutional use. |
| Driveway | That portion of the zoning lot that has been so designated, designed and improved as to afford a suitable means and a direct route for vehicular access to the private parking garage or to a rear yard parking area. Semicircular driveways are addressed in Section 50-14-286(5) of this Code. |
| Drug-free zone | An area that is within 1,000 radial feet of a zoning lot of a:
• Child care center, as defined in Section 50-16-152 of this Code; • Educational institution, as defined in Section 50-16-191 of this Code; • Library, as defined in Section 50-16-283 of this Code; • Outdoor recreation facility, as defined in Section 50-16-324 of this Code, other than parkways and parklots; • School, as defined in Section 50-16-381 of this Code; • Youth activity center as defined in Section 50-16-462 of this Code; or • Public housing as defined in 42 USC § 1437a(b)(1). |
| Dwelling | Any building, or part thereof, that is designed for or occupied, in whole or in part, as the home, residence, or sleeping place of one or more persons, either continuously, permanently, temporarily, or transiently. |
| Dwelling unit | A building, or part thereof, that is designed and used for residential occupancy by a single “family” and that includes exclusive sleeping, cooking, eating, and sanitation facilities. |
Codified by Ord. No. 28-19 (JCC 7/23/2019, Passed 9/10/2019, Approved 9/11/2019, Published 9/20/2019, Effective 10/1/2019); Amended by Ord. No. 2021-9 (JCC 2/16/2021, Passed 3/16/2021, Approved 3/17/2021, Published 3/26/2021, Effective 4/3/2021).
For the purposes of this chapter, the following words and phrases beginning with the letters “Ea” through “Ez,” shall have the meaning respectively ascribed to them by this section:
| Term | Definition |
| Educational institution | Educational institution is a post-secondary institution such as a college, university, or community college. For zoning purposes, educational institution does not include K-12 schools, business colleges, trade schools, or penal or correctional institutions. |
| Efficiency unit | A dwelling unit containing not more than one room or enclosed floor space arranged for living, eating, and sleeping purposes not including bathrooms, water closets, laundry rooms, pantries, foyers, hallways, and other accessory floor spaces. |
| Emergency shelter | A facility that provides congregate style temporary lodging with or without meals and ancillary services on the premises to primarily the homeless for more than four weeks in any calendar year. An emergency shelter shall be considered a different land use than adult foster care facilities, designated transitional housing, nursing homes, pre-release adjustment centers, temporary emergency shelters, or warming centers. Emergency shelters are subject to licensing by the Buildings, Safety Engineering, and Environmental Department Business License Center. |
| Employee recruitment center | Establishments that recruit people to fill temporary employment positions with other businesses or agencies. Typical uses include day labor recruitment centers and temporary employment agencies where prospective employees come to the site. |
| Equivalent licenses (marijuana) | Any of the following pairs of licenses held by a single licensee:
• A marijuana grower license, of any class, issued under the Michigan Regulation and Taxation of Marihuana Act,(MRTMA) and a grower license, of any class, issued under the Michigan Medical Marihuana Facilities Licensing Act, (MMFLA); • A marijuana processor license issued under the MRTMA and a processor license under the MMFLA; • A marijuana retailer license issued under the MRTMA and a provisioning center license issued under the MMFLA; • A secure transporter license issued under the MRTMA and a secure transporter license issued under the MMFLA; or • A safety compliance facility license issued under the MRTMA and a safety compliance facility license issued under the MMFLA. |
| Erected | The word “erected” includes built, constructed, reconstructed, altered, moved upon, or any physical operation on the premises required for the building or structure. Excavations, fill, drainage, paving, and the like, shall be considered a part of erection. |
| Evergreen | A plant with foliage that persists and remains green year-round. |
Codified by Ord. No. 28-19 (JCC 7/23/2019, Passed 9/10/2019, Approved 9/11/2019, Published 9/20/2019, Effective 10/1/2019); Amended by Ord. No. 2021-9 (JCC 2/16/2021, Passed 3/16/2021, Approved 3/17/2021, Published 3/26/2021, Effective 4/3/2021).
For the purposes of this chapter, the following words and phrases beginning with the letters "Hh" through "Hm," shall have the meaning respectively ascribed to them by this section:
| Term | Definition |
| High-frequency transit Corridor | High-frequency transit corridors consist of:
• Corridor No. 1, consisting of: Vernor, between Riverside and 21st; 21st, between Vernor Highway and Bagley; Bagley, between 21st and Trumbull; Trumbull, between Bagley and Lafayette; and Lafayette, between Trumbull and Griswold. • Corridor No. 2, consisting of: Michigan, between Woodward and Wyoming. • Corridor No. 3, consisting of: Grand River, between Woodward and Five Points. • Corridor No. 4, consisting of: Woodward, between Eight Mile and Jefferson. • Corridor No. 5, consisting of: Van Dyke, between Eight Mile and Lafayette; and Lafayette, between Van Dyke and Randolph. • Corridor No. 6, consisting of: Gratiot, between Woodward and Eight Mile. • Corridor No. 7, consisting of: Lahser, between Grand River and Seven Mile; Seven Mile, between Lahser and Morang Morang, between Seven Mile and Harper; Harper, between Morang and Moross; and Moross, between Harper and Mack. • Corridor No. 8, consisting of: Warren, between Edward N. Hines and Greenfield and between McDonald and Mack; and Forest, between Dequindre and Cadillac. • Corridor No. 9, consisting of: Jefferson, between Washington and Alter. • Corridor No. 10, consisting of: Greenfield, between Paul and Eight Mile. |
| High/medium-impact Manufacturing or Processing | Examples include:
• automobile accessory manufacture (not including tires heat treating or foundry work) • automotive, agricultural or other heavy machinery manufacturing (not including heat treating) • bolt or nut manufacture (not including heat treating) • book publishing, printing or engraving • brake debonding • brewing or distilling of liquors • brewing of twenty thousand (20,000) or more barrels of beer or malt beverage per year • buffing shop • business machines or equipment manufacture • can, barrel, drum or pail manufacture • canning factories, excluding fish products • die casting • disinfectant or insecticide manufacture • distilling of alcoholic products not including small distillery or small winery, which are defined in Section 50-16-384 of this Code • automatic screw machine operations • electric fixtures, batteries, or other electrical apparatus manufacture but excluding battery rebuilding • emery cloth or sandpaper manufacture • furniture manufacture • heating or ventilating apparatus manufacture or assembly • mattress manufacture • millwork, lumber or planing mills • monument works • painting or varnishing shops • paper box or cardboard products manufacture • plastic products manufacture • plating or anodizing • replating • sheet metal works • tire recapping and • wrought iron, custom decorative shops |
| High-impact Manufacturing or Processing | Examples include:
• abrasives manufacture • acetylene manufacture • annealing or heat treating plants • balls or bearings manufacture • battery rebuilding • bed spring manufacture • bleaching powder manufacture • boiler manufacture • bolts or nuts manufacture • brick or building block manufacture • candle manufacture • carbonic gas manufacture or storage • carbonic ice manufacture • cattle or sheep dip manufacture • Cellophane or celluloid manufacture • ceramic products manufacture • chlorine gas manufacture • clay products manufacture • concrete batching plants • concrete pipe or concrete pipe products manufacture • dextrine manufacture • dyestuffs manufacture • engine manufacture • felt manufacture • glass manufacture • glucose manufacture • graphite manufacture • gutta percha manufacture or treatment • ink manufacture (from basic substance) • jute fabrication • meat products manufacturing or processing • pharmaceutical products manufacture • phenol manufacture • pyroxylin plastic manufacture or processing • roofing materials manufacture excluding tar products • rope manufacture • rug manufacture • shoe polish manufacture • soap manufacture • starch manufacture • sugar refining • terra cotta manufacture • tire manufacture • turpentine manufacture • wall board manufacture • wire manufacture • yeast manufacture |
Amended by Ord. No. 18-18 (JCC 6/21/2018, Passed 7/24/2018, Approved 7/30/2018, Published 8/22/2018, Effective 8/30/2018); Saved From Repeal by Ord. No. 28-19 (JCC 7/23/2019, Passed 9/10/2019, Approved 9/11/2019, Published 9/20/2019, Effective 10/1/2019).
For the purposes of this chapter, the following words and phrases beginning with the letters “Lh” through “Lm,” shall have the meaning respectively ascribed to them by this section:
| Term | Definition |
| Library (use category) | Libraries house collections of books, magazines or other material that is loaned to the general public without charge. Examples include public libraries. |
| Licensee (marijuana) | A person holding an operating license issued by the State of Michigan and a business license issued by the City to operate a medical marijuana facility or an adult-use marijuana establishment. |
| Linear measurement | Linear measurement between two uses shall be based on the distance, measured along the centerline of the roadway abutting the zoning lots on which the uses are located, at points perpendicular to the outermost portions of the uses closest to each other. This spacing requirement applies regardless of the side of the roadway on which the use is located. |
| Lithographing | A printing process in which the image to be printed is rendered on a flat surface, as on sheet zinc or aluminum, and treated to retain ink while the nonimage areas are treated to repel ink. For zoning purposes, silk screening may be permitted wherever lithographing is permitted. |
Codified by Ord. No. 28-19 (JCC 7/23/2019, Passed 9/10/2019, Approved 9/11/2019, Published 9/20/2019, Effective 10/1/2019); Amended by Ord. No. 2021-9 (JCC 2/16/2021, Passed 3/16/2021, Approved 3/17/2021, Published 3/26/2021, Effective 4/3/2021).
For the purposes of this chapter, the following words and phrases beginning with the letters “Ma” through “Mg,” shall have the meaning respectively ascribed to them by this section:
| Term | Definition |
| Manufactured Housing Unit | A transportable, factory-built structure that is manufactured in accordance with the federal Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standards Act of 1974 (42 USC § 5401) and that is designed to be used as a single dwelling unit. |
| Manufacturing and Production (Use Category) | Uses involved in the manufacturing, processing, fabrication, packaging, or assembly of goods. Natural, man‑made, raw, secondary, or partially completed materials may be used. Products may be finished or semi‑finished and are generally made for the wholesale market, for transfer to other plants, or to order for firms or consumers. Goods are generally not displayed or sold on site, but if so, they are a subordinate part of sales. Relatively few customers come to the manufacturing site.
Examples include the following uses: • Very high-impact manufacturing or processing • High-impact manufacturing or processing • High/medium-impact manufacturing or processing • Low/medium-impact manufacturing or processing • Low-impact manufacturing or processing Manufacturing of goods to be sold primarily on‑site and to the general public are classified as Retail Sales and Service. Manufacture and production of goods from composting organic material is classified as Waste‑Related uses. |
| Manufacturing or Processing | See Manufacturing and Production (Use Category). |
| Marina | Marina means a facility that offers service to the public or members of the marina for docking, loading, or other servicing recreational watercraft. Accessory uses include the following, provided they are for owners, crews, and guests:
• boat storage, • food and beverage facilities, including those for consumption of beer or alcoholic liquor on the premises, and • retail facilities |
| Marihuana or Marijuana | That term as defined in section 7106 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333.7106. |
| Marijuana grower facility | A location where a licensee that is licensed as a marijuana grower under the Michigan Regulation and Taxation of Marihuana Act (MRTMA) or as a grower under the Michigan Medical Marihuana Facilities Licensing Act (MMFLA), and as a grower under Chapter 20, Article VI, of this Code, operates a commercial entity located in this state that cultivates, dries, trims, or cures and packages marijuana for sale or transfer to a medical marijuana facility or adult-use marijuana establishment. |
| Marijuana microbusiness | A location where a licensee that is licensed as a marijuana microbusiness under the Michigan Regulation and Taxation of Marihuana Act (MRTMA), and as a microbusiness under Chapter 20, Article VI, of this Code, operates a commercial entity that cultivates not more than 150 marijuana plants, or more as allowed by the State of Michigan, processes and packages marijuana, and sells or otherwise transfers marijuana to individuals who are 21 years of age or older or to a marijuana safety compliance facility, but not to other adult-use marijuana establishments or medical marijuana facilities. |
| Marijuana processor facility | A location where a licensee that is licensed as a marijuana facility processer under the Michigan Regulation and Taxation of Marihuana Act (MRTMA) or as a processer under the Michigan Medical Marihuana Facilities Licensing Act (MMFLA), and as a processor under Chapter 20, Article VI, of this Code, operates a commercial entity located in the State of Michigan that obtains marijuana from a medical marijuana facility or adult-use marijuana establishment and processes marijuana for sale and transfer in packaged form to a medical marijuana facility or adult-use marijuana establishment. |
| Marijuana retailer establishment | A location where a licensee that is licensed as a marijuana retailer under the Michigan Regulation and Taxation of Marihuana Act (MRTMA), and as a retailer under Chapter 20, Article VI, of this Code, operates a commercial entity that obtains marijuana from adult-use marijuana establishments and sells or transfers marijuana to individuals who are 21 years of age or older and to other adult-use marijuana establishments. |
| Marijuana retail/provisioning facility | A marijuana retailer establishment or a medical marijuana provisioning center facility. |
| Marijuana safety compliance facility | A location where a licensee that is licensed as a safety compliance facility under the Michigan Regulation and Taxation of Marihuana Act (MRTMA) or the Michigan Medical Marihuana Facilities Licensing Act (MMFLA), and as a safety compliance facility under Chapter 20, Article VI, of this Code, operates a commercial entity located in the State of Michigan that tests and potency or as required by the MRTMA or the MMFLA for a primary caregiver, medical marijuana facility, or adult-use marijuana establishment. |
| Marijuana secure transporter facility | A location where a licensee that is licensed as a secure transporter facility under the Michigan Regulation and Taxation of Marihuana Act (MRTMA) or the Michigan Medical Marihuana Facilities Licensing Act (MMFLA), and as a secure transporter under Chapter 20, Article VI, of this Code, operates a commercial entity located in the State of Michigan that stores marijuana, and transports marijuana between medical marijuana facilities or adult-use marijuana establishments for a fee. |
| Massage Therapy Clinic | An establishment (excluding “adult physical culture establishments”) where a licensed or certified massage therapist provides massage in compliance with applicable provisions of Chapter 32 of this Code. |
| Master Deed | The condominium document recording the condominium project as approved by the City, to which is attached as exhibits and incorporated by reference the approved by-laws for the project and the approved condominium subdivision plan for the project. |
| Master Plan | The official “Master Plan of Policies” of the City of Detroit, as referenced in the Journal of City Council, August 5, 1992, Pages 1784‑1787, as amended. The Master Plan of Policies specifies three levels of roadway under the “transportation” designation of the City of Detroit future general land use map: freeways, major thoroughfares, and secondary thoroughfares. |
| Measurement | See “Linear Measurement” and “Radial Measurement.” |
| Medical marijuana | Any marijuana intended for medical use that meets all requirements for medical marijuana contained in this chapter, the Michigan Medical Marihuana Act (MMMA), the Medical Marihuana Facilities Licensing Act (MMFLA), and any other applicable law. This does not include marijuana in any form inconsistent with the definition of usable marijuana under the MMMA or MMFLA. |
| Medical marijuana facility | A location in the State of Michigan where a licensee operates any one of the following commercial entities under the authority of the Michigan Medical Marihuana Facilities Licensing Act (MMFLA): grower, processor, provisioning center, secure transporter, or safety compliance facility. A non-commercial location used by a primary caregiver to assist a qualifying patient connected to the caregiver through the State of Michigan’s formal registration process in accordance with the Michigan Medical Marihuana Act (MMMA) is not a medical marijuana facility. |
| Medical marijuana Provisioning Center Facility | A location where a licensee that is licensed as a provisioning center under the Michigan Medical Marihuana Facilities Licensing Act (MMFLA), as well as under Chapter 20, Article VI, of this Code, operates a commercial entity located in the State of Michigan that purchases marijuana from a grower or processor and sells, supplies, or provides marijuana to qualifying patients, directly or through the registered primary caregivers of patients. Medical marijuana provisioning center facility includes any commercial property where medical marijuana is sold at retail to qualifying patients or primary caregivers. A medical marijuana caregiver center is not a medical marijuana provisioning center facility for purposes of this chapter. |
| Mercado | Open air sales of new retail goods, produce, handcrafts, and the like. For zoning purposes a Mercado shall be considered the same as a store of a generally recognized retail nature whose primary business is the selling of new merchandise. |
Amended by Ord. No. 20-18 (JCC 7/3/2018, Passed 7/31/2018, Approved 8/1/2018, Published 8/15/2018, Effective 10/14/2018); Saved From Repeal by Ord. No. 28-19 (JCC 7/23/2019, Passed 9/10/2019, Approved 9/11/2019, Published 9/20/2019, Effective 10/1/2019); Amended by Ord. No. 2021-9 (JCC 2/16/2021, Passed 3/16/2021, Approved 3/17/2021, Published 3/26/2021, Effective 4/3/2021).
For the purposes of this chapter, the following words and phrases beginning with the letters “Mh” through “Mm,” shall have the meaning respectively ascribed to them by this section:
| Term | Definition |
| Michigan Planning Enabling Act (Ord. No. 13-11, §1, 8-23-11) | The Michigan Planning Enabling Act, Public Act 33 of 2008, as amended, MCL 125.3801 et seq. |
| Michigan Zoning Enabling Act (Ord. No. 13-11, §1, 8-23-11) | The Michigan Zoning Enabling Act, Public Act 110 of 2006, as amended, MCL 125.3101 et seq. |
| Michigan Medical Marihuana Act or “MMMA” | Initiated Law 1 of 2008, MCL 333.26421, et seq. |
| Michigan Medical Marihuana Facilities Licensing Act or “MMFLA” | Public Act 281 of 2016, MCL 333.27101, et seq. |
| Michigan Regulation and Taxation of Marijuana Act or “MRTMA” | Initiated Law 1 of 2018, MCL 333.27954, et seq. |
| Micro Brewery | A facility licensed as such by the Michigan Liquor Control Commission that annually produces in total less than twenty thousand (20,000) barrels of beer and that may include therein the licensed brewery premises. |
| Microwave‑receiving Antenna | An antenna, usually parabolic or quasi‑parabolic in shape, the purpose of which is to receive signals transmitted from terrestrial transmitters. |
| Mixed-use building | A mixed-use building includes at least one use from at least two of the following general land use headings in the same building: Residential Uses as specified in Article XII, Division 1, Subdivision B; Public, Civic and Institutional Uses as specified in Article XII, Division 1, Subdivision C; Retail, Service and Commercial uses as specified in Article XII, Division 1, Subdivision D; Manufacturing and Industrial Uses as specified in Article XII, Division 1, Subdivision E. A building shall also be deemed to be mixed-use where it includes both: (a) An “Office, business or professional” and (b) Any other retail use(s) specified in Section 50-12-62 [Food and Beverage Service], Section 50-12-66 [Recreation/entertainment indoor], Section 50-12-69 [Retail sales and service; sales-oriented] or Section 50-12-70 [Retails sales and service; service-oriented]. |
Amended by Ord. No. 20-18 (JCC 7/3/2018, Passed 7/31/2018, Approved 8/1/2018, Published 8/15/2018, Effective 10/14/2018); Saved From Repeal by Ord. No. 28-19 (JCC 7/23/2019, Passed 9/10/2019, Approved 9/11/2019, Published 9/20/2019, Effective 10/1/2019); Amended by Ord. No. 2021-9 (JCC 2/16/2021, Passed 3/16/2021, Approved 3/17/2021, Published 3/26/2021, Effective 4/3/2021).
For the purposes of this chapter, the following words and phrases beginning with the letters "Na" through "Nm," shall have the meaning respectively ascribed to them by this section:
| Term | Definition |
| Neighborhood Center (Nonprofit) | A center that is recognized by the United States Internal Revenue Service as holding a non-profit tax-exempt status, and whose primary purpose is to provide recreational amenities, craft areas, meeting space, community kitchen facilities, cultural, and/or leisure activities, other similar space, and related administrative offices for the use of the residents of the immediate neighborhood and their guests. Examples include facilities such as senior citizen centers, youth activity centers, and community centers. |
| New Center Major area | The New Center Major Commercial Area consist of:
• All zoning lots within the area bounded by the John C. Lodge Freeway (M-10) service drive, the east/west alley first north of West Grand Boulevard, Third Street, Lothrop Avenue, Second Avenue, West Bethune Avenue, Woodward Avenue and the Michigan Consolidated railroad tracks; • All zoning lots abutting the east side of Woodward Avenue between East Bethune Avenue and the Michigan Consolidated railroad tracks; • All zoning lots abutting the west side of Second Avenue between Lothrop and West Bethune Avenues. |
| Nightclub | For zoning purposes, a use commonly known as a nightclub, shall be classified either as a “cabaret” if liquor is served, or a “concert café” if liquor is not served. |
Amended by Ord. No. 18-18 (JCC 6/21/2018, Passed 7/24/2018, Approved 7/30/2018, Published 8/22/2018, Effective 8/30/2018); Saved From Repeal by Ord. No. 28-19 (JCC 7/23/2019, Passed 9/10/2019, Approved 9/11/2019, Published 9/20/2019, Effective 10/1/2019).
For the purposes of this chapter, the following words and phrases beginning with the letters "Red" through "Rm," shall have the meaning respectively ascribed to them by this section:
| Term | Definition |
| Refuse |
Putrescible and nonputrescible solid waste, except body wastes, including garbage, rubbish, ash, incinerator ash, incinerator residue, and solid market, industrial and construction refuse.
|
| Regulated use | Any of the following: (1) Brewpub outside the Central Business District and SD2 District and microbrewery outside the Central Business District and SD2 District and small distillery or small winery outside the Central Business District and SD2 District that serves alcohol for consumption on the premises; however, any brewpub, microbrewery, small distillery, or small winery that operates in conjunction with and is located on the same zoning lot as a standard restaurant, as defined in this section, shall not be considered a regulated use; (2) Cabaret; (3) Dance hall, public, outside the Central Business District; (4) Establishment for the sale of beer or alcoholic liquor for consumption on the premises, outside the Central Business District and the SD1, SD2 and SD5 Districts; however, any establishment for the sale of beer or alcoholic liquor for consumption on the premises that operates in conjunction with and is located on the same zoning lot as a standard restaurant, as defined in this section, shall not be considered a regulated use; (5) Lodging house, public; (6) Motel; (7) Pawnshop; and (8) Plasma donation center; |
| Religious institutions (use category) | Uses primarily engaged in providing meeting areas for religious activities. Typical examples include churches, chapels, mosques, temples, and synagogues. Affiliated preschools are classified as day care uses. Affiliated schools are classified as schools. |
| Religious residential facilities | Rectories, parsonages, monasteries, convents, seminaries, religious retreats and the like. |
| Rental hall | Any enclosed hall, building or portion of any building regularly available for rental, lease or loan for the purpose of public assembly, banquets, luncheons, entertainment or sports events, whether such assemblies are public or private or subject to an admission fee. The term "rental hall" does not include "public dance halls."
|
| Rental merchandise store | A store whose primary business is the rental of household or personal merchandise originally stocked as new merchandise, such as videocassette and/or DVD recordings, household appliances, formal attire, and other articles stored and displayed within the store or showroom. For zoning purposes, a rental merchandise store shall be regulated the same as a "store of a generally recognized retail nature whose primary business is the sale of new merchandise," provided, that a car rental facility shall be regulated in the same manner as a sales room or sales lot for new or used operable motor vehicles. |
| Repeat offense | A second, or any subsequent, determination regarding a blight violation notice that is made within a one-calendar-year period for the same blight violation, except for a determination by an administrative hearings officer that a person is not responsible for a blight violation. |
| Research facility | As specified in Section 50-11-263 of this Code. |
| Residential substance abuse service facility | An establishment in a residential setting used for the treatment of persons having drug or alcohol abuse problems. The establishment may or may not dispense compounds or prescription medicines to individuals depending upon the severity of their drug or alcohol abuse problems. |
| Residential use combined in structures with permitted commercial uses | This land use allows for one or two residential apartments with permitted commercial uses in a commercial building occupied by a use permitted in the given zoning district as indicated in the use table in Article XII, Division 1, Subdivision D of this chapter. As examples, a doctor's office in an R5 or R6 District may also include a residential unit on a by-right basis and a hardware store in a B2, B3, B4, B5 or B6 District may rent out two apartments on its second floor but three or more residential units in a single building constitute a multiple-family dwelling. |
| Rest home | See Convalescent, nursing or rest home. |
| Restaurant, carry-out | An establishment for the sale of foods, frozen desserts, or beverages to the customer in a ready-to-consume state, and whose design or method of operation includes both of the following characteristics: (1) Foods, frozen desserts, or beverages are usually served in edible or disposable containers; (2) The consumption of foods, frozen desserts, or beverages within the restaurant building, within a motor vehicle parked upon the premises, or at other facilities on the premises outside the restaurant building, is posted as being prohibited, and such prohibition is strictly enforced by the restaurateur. |
| Restaurant, fast food | An establishment for the sale of foods, frozen desserts, or beverages to the customer in a ready-to-consume state for consumption either within the restaurant building or for carry-out with consumption off the premises, whose delivery of food to the customer may include service via a drive-up or outdoor walk-up pass-through window, and whose design or principal method of operation includes both of the following characteristics: (1) Foods, frozen desserts, or beverages are usually served in edible containers or disposable containers; (2) The consumption of foods, frozen desserts, or beverages within a motor vehicle parked upon the premises, or at other facilities on the premises outside the restaurant building other than designated and approved outdoor eating areas, is posted as being prohibited, and such prohibition is strictly enforced by the restaurateur. |
| Restaurant, standard |
An establishment for the sale of foods, frozen desserts, or beverages to the customer in a ready-to-consume state, and whose design or principal method of operation includes one or both of the following characteristics: (1) Customers are normally provided with an individual menu, are served foods, frozen desserts, or beverages by a restaurant employee at the same table or counter at which said items are consumed; (2) A cafeteria-type operation where foods, frozen desserts, or beverages generally are consumed within the restaurant building.
|
| Retail sales and service, occupant-oriented (use category) | Ancillary and accessory uses to principal multi-family, office or employment uses. They are involved in providing goods and services to residents or employees of the principal use and to visitors to the site. Examples include the following uses: •Retail sales and personal service in multiple-residential structures; •Retail sales and personal service in business and professional offices. |
| Retail sales and service, sales-oriented (use category) | Uses involved in the sale, lease or rent of new or used products to the general public. Examples include the following uses: • Stores of a generally recognized retail nature whose primary business is the sale of new merchandise; • Bake shop, retail; • Firearms dealership; • Garden center; • Kennel, commercial; • Motor vehicles, new or used, salesroom or sales lot; • Motorcycles, retail sales, rental or service; • Pawnshop; • Pet shop; • Poultry or small game (storage or killing for direct, retail sale on the premises or for wholesale trade); • Precious metal and gem dealer; • Produce or food markets, wholesale; • Specially designated distributor's (SDD) establishment; • Specially designated merchant's (SDM) establishment; • Trailer coaches or boat sale or rental, open air display; • Trailers, pneumatic-tired utility type, cement mixers: sales, rental, or service (outdoor); • Used goods dealer. Sales, rental, or leasing of heavy trucks and equipment or manufactured housing units are classified as wholesale sales. |
| Retail sales and service, service-oriented (use category) | Uses providing retail consumer services to the general public. Examples include the following uses: • Animal-grooming shop; • Automated teller machine (without drive-through facilities); • Automated teller machine (with drive-through facilities); • Bank (without drive-through facilities); • Bank (with drive-through facilities); • Barber or beauty shop; • Body art facility; • Business college or commercial trade school; • Customer service center; • Dry cleaning, laundry, or laundromat; • Employee recruitment center; • Financial services center; • Food stamp distribution center (no drive-through window); • Food stamp distribution center (with drive-through window); • Mortuary or funeral home; • Nail salon; • Printing or engraving shops; • School or studio of dance, gymnastics, music, art, or cooking; • Shoe repair shop; • Veterinary clinic for small animals. |
| Review body | The entity that is authorized to recommend approval or denial of an application or permit required under this chapter.
|
| Right-of-way | A strip of land occupied or intended to be occupied by a street, crosswalk, railroad, sanitary or storm sewer, electric transmission line, oil or gas pipeline or for any other similar use as may be designated.
|
Codified by Ord. No. 28-19 (JCC 7/23/2019, Passed 9/10/2019, Approved 9/11/2019, Published 9/20/2019, Effective 10/1/2019); Amended by Ord. No. 2020-21 (JCC 11/26/2019, Passed 7/7/2020, Approved 7/8/2020, Published 7/31/2020, Effective 8/8/2020).
For the purposes of this chapter, the following words and phrases beginning with the letters “Si” through “Sl,” shall have the meaning respectively ascribed to them by this
section:
| Term | Definition |
| Sign | Any letter, figure, character, mark, plane, point, marquee sign, design, poster, pictorial, picture, stroke, stripe, line, trademark, reading matter, or illuminated service that shall be constructed, placed, attached, painted, erected, fastened, or manufactured in any manner whatsoever, so that the same shall be used for the attraction of the public to any place, subject, person, firm, corporation, public performance, article, machine, or merchandise, whatsoever, that is displayed in any manner whatsoever outdoors. Every sign shall be classified and conform to the requirements of such classification as set forth in Chapter 8, Article II, of this Code, Building Code , including Section 8-2-21 of this Code, Additions to Appendix H , Signs, and this article. A "sign" shall not include any display of official court or public agency notices, nor shall it include the flag, emblem, or insignia of a nation, political unit, school, or religious group. The term "sign" also does not include any non-illuminated, non-commercial, painted art mural. |
| Single-family detached dwelling | A detached dwelling unit, located on a single lot with no other dwelling units, designed for or occupied by one family only. |
| Single-room-occupancy housing, non-profit | Service-enhanced, single-room housing, provided by an entity recognized by the Internal Revenue Service as holding non-profit, tax-exempt status, which housing is primarily for individuals residing without children, such individuals being capable of independent living, whose dwelling units may or may not provide separate sanitary and food-preparation facilities, and sometimes operates as a hotel although permanent residency is an anticipated feature of the housing. For zoning purposes, non-profit SRO housing is not: adult foster care, a community mental health facility or "fairweather lodge" or other similar semi-independent living facility, a pre-release adjustment center, a residential substance abuse service facility, a rooming house, public lodging house, or emergency shelter for the homeless. |
| Site plan | One or more maps and drawings or reports containing all of the information required to be shown for such property as part of the site plan review process in Article III, Division 5, of this chapter. |
| Slope ratio | A numerical expression of a stated relationship of height to horizontal distance |
Codified by Ord. No. 28-19 (JCC 7/23/2019, Passed 9/10/2019, Approved 9/11/2019, Published 9/20/2019, Effective 10/1/2019); Amended by Ord. No. 2020-12 (JCC 2/18/2020, Passed 6/9/2020, Approved 6/15/2020, Published 8/21/2020, Effective 12/9/2020).
For the purposes of this chapter, the following words and phrases beginning with the letters "Tn" through "Tz," shall have the meaning respectively ascribed to them by this section:
| Term | Definition |
| Towing service storage yard | Any private storage lot or yard of a towing enterprise where inoperable or distressed motor vehicles are temporarily held for retrieval or redemption by their owner, whether such enterprise is a contractor for a Police Department precinct or not. Such storage yards shall not function as a junkyard; no stripping or dismantling or outdoor storage of parts is permitted; no sale of used vehicle parts is permitted; no stacking of vehicles is permitted. Towing service storage yards shall be considered a principal use of the land except when same vehicles are awaiting repairs or service at a facility located on the same zoning lot, in which case they operate as an accessory use of the land. Any land use previously classified as a "Police Department authorized abandoned vehicle storage yard" shall now be considered a "towing service storage yard" without need for issuance of any additional permit or change of use. |
| Townhouse | One of three or more attached single-family dwelling units, each having its own entrance, and each extending from the basement to the roof and having no side yards except end units which have one side yard. |
| Toxic substance disposal facility | A facility that disposes of, destroys, or incinerates "PCB," or "PBB" substances, in accordance with the Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976, being 15 USC 2601 et seq. , and Section 324.20120a of the Michigan Resources and Environmental Protection Act, being MCL 324.20120a. |
| Trade services, general | Offices or shops for plumbing, electrical, heating or air conditioning, cabinet-making, carpenter, and furniture repair or upholstering shops, furniture and/or carpet and/or rug cleaning establishments, and similar uses. |
| Traditional Main Street Overlay Area | An area, designated by ordinance, as being or having the potential to be, a high quality, pedestrian-scale, walkable area with a traditional urban atmosphere |
| Transfer station | An intermediate destination for nonhazardous solid waste materials where refuse awaiting transportation to a disposal site is transferred from one type of vehicle to another. May include the separation of different types of waste and aggregation of smaller shipments with larger ones, and compaction to reduce the bulk of the waste. |
| Trailer | Every vehicle, without motive power, other than a pole-trailer, which is designed for carrying property or persons and for being drawn by a motor vehicle, and is so constructed that no part of its weight rests upon the towing vehicle.
|
| Transitional housing | Typically refers to rental housing for persons whose most recent address has been a homeless shelter and who anticipate finding a permanent residence after leaving the transitional housing facility and after accumulating funds for a rental security deposit. Unlike residents of emergency shelters who may move after 30 days, transitional housing residents may spend many months before relocating.
Transitional housing may differ from typical apartment house living insofar as the residents may be expected or may be able to avail themselves of counseling or life skills training or job training on the premises. When transitional housing offers space for three or more families and provides separate housekeeping and cooking facilities for each, it should be regulated as any other multiple-family dwelling, provided, that when residents are not free to come and go because the program is part of a correctional program, the facility should be regulated as a pre-release adjustment center. When residents require supervision, assistance, protection or personal care, the facility should be regulated as an adult foster care facility. When the facility offers congregate style temporary lodging primarily to the homeless, it should be regulated as an emergency shelter. When the facility offers sleeping quarters in the form of cots or beds in the same room, it should be regulated as a public lodging house. When the transitional housing facility includes a residential substance abuse treatment program, it shall be regulated as a residential substance abuse service facility. |
| Transitional surfaces | Transitional surfaces exist adjacent to each runway as indicated on the Flight Obstruction Area Map on file at the Buildings, Safety Engineering, and Environmental Department. These surfaces begin at the centerline of the runways and extend outward, at the elevation of the runway, for 500 feet in the case of instrument runways, and for 250 feet in the case of non-instrument runways, and then slope upward and outward one foot vertically for each seven feet horizontally to the point where they intersect horizontal surface "A." Further, transitional surfaces exist adjacent to all approach surfaces and extend the entire length of the approach surfaces, beginning at the edges and extending upward and outward at the same 1:7 slope ratio to the point where they intersect horizontal surface "A." |
| Tree | A large woody plant having one or several self-supporting stems or trunks and numerous branches. Trees may be classified as deciduous or evergreen. |
| Tree farm | Any parcel of land used to raise or harvest more than ten trees for wood products, Christmas trees, or for transplant, where forest products are sold on site or transported to market. A tree farm as a principal use is considered an urban farm. |
| Truck stop | Any premises where diesel fuel for motor vehicles is sold on a retail basis, providing adequate maneuvering room and access for fueling facilities to be simultaneously used by at least three semi-trailer trucks, and which provides at least one of the following: (1) An off-street parking area proportioned for at least three semi-trailer trucks; (2) A motor vehicle washing and steam cleaning facility adequately sized to service tractor trucks; (3) A truck scale; or (4) Commercial shower facilities. |
| Tunnel plaza and terminal, vehicular | That property immediately contiguous to a vehicular tunnel where motor vehicles enter and exit the tunnel. Certain uses and activities, if oriented and available exclusively to tunnel traffic, shall be considered incidental and accessory to the vehicular bridge plaza and terminal: toll booths, inspection and weigh stations, customs and immigration facilities, duty-free retail stores, motor vehicle filling stations, and uses similar to the preceding. |
| Two-family dwelling | A structure, located on one lot, containing two dwelling units, each of which is designed for or occupied by one family only, with separate housekeeping and cooking facilities for each. |
Codified by Ord. No. 28-19 (JCC 7/23/2019, Passed 9/10/2019, Approved 9/11/2019, Published 9/20/2019, Effective 10/1/2019); Amended by Ord. No. 2020-12 (JCC 2/18/2020, Passed 6/9/2020, Approved 6/15/2020, Published 8/21/2020, Effective 12/9/2020).
For the purposes of this chapter, the following words and phrases beginning with the letters "Xa" through "Xz" and "Ya" through "Yz" and "Za" through "Zz," shall have the meaning respectively ascribed to them by this section:
| Term | Definition |
| Yard | The actual (as opposed to required) open area that exists between a lot line and a building or structure. See also “Setback”. |
| Yard, front | A yard extending across the full width of the lot between the front lot line and the nearest part of the principal building or structure. |
| Yard, rear | A yard extending across the full width of the lot between the rear lot line and the nearest part of the principal building or structure. |
| Yard, side | A yard extending from the front yard to the rear yard between the side lot line and the nearest part of the principal building or structure, excepting permitted encroachments. |
| Youth activity center | A type of nonprofit neighborhood center whose primary purpose is to provide education, recreational, cultural, and/or leisure activities for minors, but excludes:
[1] an arcade, as defined In Sec. 50-16-113 of this Code; [2] a health club; [3] a medical facility; [4] a public dance hall, as defined In Sec. 50-16-171 of this Code; [5] a rehabilitation facility; [6] a rental hall, as defined In Sec. 50-16-362 of this Code; [7] a residential facility; [8] a restaurant, as defined in Sec. 50-16-362 of this Code; and [9] a school. |
| Youth hostel/hostel | An overnight lodging facility, in a building originally constructed for other than use as a Single family dwelling or two-family dwelling, offering temporary lodging and services related to hosteling that is operated, managed, or maintained under sponsorship of a nonprofit or for-profit organization, providing beds for rent on a daily basis in individual rooms or dormitories, and typically characterized by low cost, shared use of a self-service kitchen, common areas, sleeping rooms, and bathroom facilities. This use does not Include emergency shelters, rooming houses, single-room occupancy housing, pre release adjustment centers, or "halfway houses". |
| Zoning Enabling Act | The Michigan Zoning Enabling Act, being MCL 125.3101 et seq. |
| Zoning Grant | A written decision and order of the Buildings, Safety Engineering and Environmental Department or the Board of Zoning Appeals approving a use or other requested action. |
Codified by Ord. No. 28-19 (JCC 7/23/2019, Passed 9/10/2019, Approved 9/11/2019, Published 9/20/2019, Effective 10/1/2019); Amended by Ord. No. 2019-42 (JCC 9/24/2019, Passed 11/26/2019, Approved 11/27/2019, Published 12/16/2019, Effective 12/24/2019).